Hide minor edits - Show changes to markup
A Unified Akan Orthography was developed in 1978 and published, but has not been put into practice by publishers or teachers. (Concise Encyclopedia of Languages of the World)
Brown, Keith and Ogilvie, Sarah (2008), Concise Encyclopedia of Languages of the World, Elsevier. ISBN 0080877745
Nkraata V1.1, an "Akan word processor," is available for free download at http://www.nkraata.com/ .
Nkraata V1.1, an "Akan word processor," is available for free download at http://www.nkrataa.com/ .
The kasahorow Akan dictionary http://dictionary.kasahorow.com
The kasahorow Akan dictionary http://dictionary.kasahorow.com/all/ak
kasahorow maintains an ongoing project.
kasahorow maintains an ongoing project.
Nkraata V1.1, an "Akan word processor," is available for free download at http://www.nkraata.com/ .
The "Squidoo" How-To site page "Learn to Speak the Twi Language from Ghana" has some links: http://www.squidoo.com/twi/
"Unicode fonts" with extended Latin ranges are necessary.
"Unicode fonts" with extended Latin ranges are necessary.
(Some sources also treat the related Anyi and Baule languages as Akan. We follow the Webbook and Ethnologue in treated them separately.)
(Some sources also treat the related Anyi and Baule languages as Akan. We follow the Webbook and Ethnologue in treating them separately.)
(Some sources also treat the related Anyi and Baule languages as Akan. We follow the Webbook and Ethnologue in treated them separately.)
Omniglot offers a wider spectrum: "There are numerous dialects of Akan, including Twi, Fante, Bono, Wasa, Nzema, Baule and Anyi, with a high level of mutual intelligibility between them." [is the reference to Baule and Anyi correct?]
Google has a version localized in Twi: http://www.google.com/intl/tw/ . This does not use the Akan orthography.
Google has a version localized in Twi: http://www.google.com/intl/tw/ . This does not use the Akan orthography.
______, "Twi," http://www.omniglot.com/writing/twi.htm
Wikipedia, "Akan Languages," http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akan_languages
Omniglot offers a wider spectrum: "There are numerous dialects of Akan, including Twi, Fante, Bono, Wasa, Nzema, Baule and Anyi, with a high level of mutual intelligibility between them." [is the reference to Baule and Anyi correct?]
Akan languages started to be written down, mainly in religious publications, by Danish, German and British missionaries during the 17th and 18th centuries. There are currently three standardized orthographies for Asante, Akuapem and Fante, there is also a unified Akan orthography which was created during the 1980s. (Omniglot)
A revision and update of this orthography, A Unified Orthography for the Akan Languages of Ghana and Ivory Coast – General Spelling Rules, CASAS 2003, is published by CASAS.
A revision and update of this orthography, A Unified Orthography for the Akan Languages of Ghana and Ivory Coast – General Spelling Rules, CASAS 2003, is published by CASAS.
Omniglot, "Akan," http://www.omniglot.com/writing/akan.htm
The kasahorow Localization Project (formerly Dictionary Project) revises and implements the unified orthography for the Twi/Fante varieties of Akan mainly spoken in Ghana. http://africathink.ghanathink.org/guide
The kasahorow Localization Project (formerly Dictionary Project) revises and implements the unified orthography for the Twi/Fante varieties of Akan mainly spoken in Ghana. http://africathink.ghanathink.org/guide
kasahorow http://kasahorow.com
kasahorow http://kasahorow.com
Akan http://kasahorow.org/ims/akan
The kasahorow Akan dictionary
The kasahorow Akan dictionary http://dictionary.kasahorow.com
http://kasahorow.org/alphabets/akan
(:toc:)
African Language Learning Materials (v 0.2)http://learn.kasahorow.com
Dr. Adams Bodomo, Hong Kong University
Paa Kwesi Imbeah, kasahorow
Chris Manuh, kasahorow
Kyekyeku Opoku-Pong, Nokia Corporation, Finland
Isaac Quarshie, Nokia Corporation, Finland
Dr. Nii Quaynor
http://learn.kasahorow.com
"Unicode fonts" with extended Latin ranges are necessary.
(see also comment in 9. below)
Yes. Submitted to freepository.com and available in current Linux versions, e.g. Ubuntu 6.06 or better.
http://kasahorow.org
kasahorow, http://kasahorow.org
The kasahorow Localization Project (formerly Dictionary Project) revises and implements the unified orthography for the Twi/Fante varieties of Akan mainly spoken in Ghana. http://kasa.ghanathink.org/writingguide
The kasahorow Localization Project (formerly Dictionary Project) revises and implements the unified orthography for the Twi/Fante varieties of Akan mainly spoken in Ghana. http://africathink.ghanathink.org/guide
Akan http://kasa.ghanathink.org/node/34
Akan http://kasahorow.org/ims/akan
GhanaThink / Kasahorow is beginning a localization project.
kasahorow maintains an ongoing project.
The kasahorow dictionary is a popular online dictionary of the Akan language group. Launched in 2005, it has 2 sites:
Google has a version localized in Twi: http://www.google.com/intl/tw/ . This does not appear to use the Akan orthography.
The kasahorow Akan dictionary
Google has a version localized in Twi: http://www.google.com/intl/tw/ . This does not use the Akan orthography.
Paa Kwesi Imbeah
Chris Manuh
Paa Kwesi Imbeah, kasahorow
Chris Manuh, kasahorow
The GhanaThink Foundation http://kasa.ghanathink.org/
kasahorow http://kasahorow.com
http://learn.kasahorow.com
- The GhanaThink Foundation (Non-gov't agency)
- kasahorow (Private), formerly The GhanaThink Foundation (non-gov't agency)
The kasahorow Localization Project (GTF) is trying to converge opinions on what can be a standard. http://kasa.ghanathink.org/node/34
Yes. Submitted to freepository.com and available in current Linux versions, e.g. Ubuntu 6.06 or better.
http://kasahorow.org
U.S. Library of Congress, "ISO 639.2," http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/englangn.html
U.S. Library of Congress, "ISO 639.2: Codes for the Representation of Names of Languages: Alpha-3 codes arranged alphabetically by the English name of language," http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/English_list.php
Google interface at http://www.google.com/intl/tw/
GhanaThink is beginning a localization project.
GhanaThink / Kasahorow is beginning a localization project.
Google interface at http://www.google.com/intl/tw/
Wikipedia
http://kasahorow.org/alphabets/akan
Universal Declaration of Human Rights:
"Language-Museum" samples:
The Bureau of Ghanian languages compiled a 20,000 word list of a unified orthography for Asante, Fante and Akuapem which is not in widespread use yet. (Wikipedia)
The Bureau of Ghanaian languages compiled a 20,000 word list of a unified orthography for Asante, Fante and Akuapem which is not in widespread use yet. (Wikipedia)
The kasahorow Dictionary Project revises and implements the unified orthography for the Twi/Fante varieties of Akan mainly spoken in Ghana. http://kasa.ghanathink.org/akan/lg/languageGuide.htm
The kasahorow Localization Project (formerly Dictionary Project) revises and implements the unified orthography for the Twi/Fante varieties of Akan mainly spoken in Ghana. http://kasa.ghanathink.org/writingguide
Akan http://kasa.ghanathink.org/node/34
The kasahorow dictionary is a popular online dictionary of the Akan language group. Lauched in 2005, it has 2 sites:
The kasahorow dictionary is a popular online dictionary of the Akan language group. Launched in 2005, it has 2 sites:
The GhanaThink Foundation http://kasa.ghanathink.org/localization
The GhanaThink Foundation http://kasa.ghanathink.org/
One version will work and it will be based on the unified orthography.
This is official in the sense that it was originally commissioned by the Gov't of Ghana (1968). The current revision is based on this original work. There are at least four organizations claiming usage of the standard orthography in their work - Bureau of Ghana Languages (Gov't agency) - Bible Society of Ghana (Non-gov't agency) - The GhanaThink Foundation (Non-gov't agency) - University of Ghana (Quasi-gov't agency)
The GhanaThink Foundation has approached the other three agencies to consult on the use of the unified orthography in its online dictionary
The kasahorow Localization Project (GTF) is trying to converge opinions on what can be a standard. http://kasa.ghanathink.org/node/34
Chris Manoh
Chris Manuh
Google has a version localized in Twi: http://www.google.com/intl/tw/
Google has a version localized in Twi: http://www.google.com/intl/tw/ . This does not appear to use the Akan orthography.
Questions:
Google has a version localized in Twi: http://www.google.com/intl/tw/
Akan
Twi
Fante
SIL International, "ISO 639 Code Tables," http://www.sil.org/iso639-3/codes.asp
U.S. Library of Congress, "ISO 639.2," http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/englangn.html
Literacy rate (according to Ethnologue):
The Bureau of Ghanian languages compiled a 20,000 word list of a unified orthography for Asante, Fante and Akuapem which is not in widespread use yet. (Wikipedia)
Wikipedia, "Akan Languages," http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akan_languages
Ethnologue lists the classification as: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Kwa, Nyo, Potou-Tano, Tano, Central, Akan.
Ethnologue gives a more detailed breakdown: Fante (Fanti, Mfantse), Akuapem (Akwapem Twi, Twi, Akuapim, Akwapi), Asante (Ashante Twi, Asanti, Achanti), Agona, Dankyira, Asen, Akyem Bosome, Kwawu (Kwahu), Ahafo.
Dwyer, David (1997), Webbook of African Languages, http://www.isp.msu.edu/AfrLang/hiermenu.html (page on "Akan," http://www.isp.msu.edu/AfrLang/Akan-root.html )
Webbook of African Languages, http://www.isp.msu.edu/AfrLang/hiermenu.html (page on "Akan," http://www.isp.msu.edu/AfrLang/Akan-root.html )
Dr. Adams Bodomo, Hong Kong University
Chris Manoh
Kyekyeku Opoku-Pong, Nokia Corporation, Finland
Isaac Quarshie, Nokia Corporation, Finland
Standardized writing and orthographic writing system exist for Asante, Akuapem, and Fante; a unified Akan writing system for these three language varieties is nearing completion (Bureau of Ghana Languages project). (Webbook)
Standardized writing and orthographic writing system exist for Asante, Akuapem, and Fante; a unified Akan writing system for these three language varieties is complete. (Report of the Akan Orthography Committee, 1968, Bureau of Ghana Languages project). (Webbook)
A revision and update of this orthography, A Unified Orthography for the Akan Languages of Ghana and Ivory Coast – General Spelling Rules, CASAS 2003, is published by CASAS.
The kasahorow Dictionary Project revises and implements the unified orthography for the Twi/Fante varieties of Akan mainly spoken in Ghana. http://kasa.ghanathink.org/akan/lg/languageGuide.htm
The kasahorow dictionary is a popular online dictionary of the Akan language group. ILauched in 2005, it has 2 sites:
The kasahorow dictionary is a popular online dictionary of the Akan language group. Lauched in 2005, it has 2 sites:
Ethnologue indicates that there are "1,000,000 second-language speakers."
Ethnologue indicates that there are "1,000,000 second-language speakers."
Two periodicals are published in Akan: Nkwantabisa and Akwansosem, while Akan radio broadcasts are also heard in Ghana. (Webbook)
The kasahorow dictionary is a popular online dictionary of the Akan language group. It has 2 sites:
The kasahorow dictionary is a popular online dictionary of the Akan language group. ILauched in 2005, it has 2 sites:
GhanaThink is beginning a localization project.
The kasahorow dictionary is a popular online dictionary of the Akan language group. It has 2 sites:
Paa Kwesi Imbeah Dr. Nii Quaynor
The GhanaThink Foundation is beginning a localization project http://kasa.ghanathink.org/localization
The GhanaThink Foundation http://kasa.ghanathink.org/localization
The GhanaThink Foundation is beginning a localization project http://kasa.ghanathink.org/localization
It is spoken primarily in southern Ghana but extends into northwestern [northeastern?] Côte d'Ivoire. The Akan are in the south central, Ashanti province of Ghana. The Akuapem are in the southeast areas, north of Accra. The Fante are in the south central, between Winneba, Takoradi, and Obuasi. (Webbook)
It is spoken primarily in southern Ghana but extends into northwestern [northeastern?] Côte d'Ivoire. The Akan are in the south central, Ashanti province of Ghana. The Akuapem are in the southeast areas, north of Accra. The Fante are in the south central, between Winneba, Takoradi, and Obuasi. (Webbook; Ethnologue)
8,300,000 (2004 SIL). Population includes 2,800,000 Asante Twi, 1,900,000 Fante, 555,000 Akuapem Twi (2004). (Ethnologue)
Ethnologue indicates that there are "1,000,000 second-language speakers."
SIL International, Ethnologue: Languages of the World, "Akan," http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=aka
It is spoken primarily in southern Ghana but extends into northwestern Cote d'Ivoire. The Akan are in the south central, Ashanti province of Ghana. The Akuapem are in the southeast areas, north of Accra. The Fante are in the south central, between Winneba, Takoradi, and Obuasi. (Webbook)
It is spoken primarily in southern Ghana but extends into northwestern [northeastern?] Côte d'Ivoire. The Akan are in the south central, Ashanti province of Ghana. The Akuapem are in the southeast areas, north of Accra. The Fante are in the south central, between Winneba, Takoradi, and Obuasi. (Webbook)
The Akan (Twi, Twi-Fante) language varieties belong to the Central subgroup of the Volta Camoe group, which fall within New Kwa branch of Niger-Congo. (Webbook)
It is spoken primarily in southern Ghana but extends into northwestern Cote d'Ivoire. The Akan are in the south central, Ashanti province of Ghana. The Akuapem are in the southeast areas, north of Accra. The Fante are in the south central, between Winneba, Takoradi, and Obuasi. (Webbook)
WA (1995) lists seven million speakers or 44% of the total population of Ghana. 1.8 Asante; 4.3 Fante; 230,000 Akuapem Twi (UBS, 1993). (Webbook)
The Akan language varieties are inherently intelligible. The language of the Asante and Akuapem is called "Twi." Akan has five main varieties, generally considered mutually intellible. They are Akyem, Akuapem, Asante, Brong, and Fante. (Webbook)
According to WA (1990) about 44% of the Ghanaian population are members of the Akan-speaking groups. An official literary language used for education through university, and in mother tongue authored literature. Roman alphabet is used. 30% to 60% of the speakers are literate. (Webbook)
Standardized writing and orthographic writing system exist for Asante, Akuapem, and Fante; a unified Akan writing system for these three language varieties is nearing completion (Bureau of Ghana Languages project). (Webbook)
Webbook of African Languages, http://www.isp.msu.edu/AfrLang/hiermenu.html (page on "Akan," http://www.isp.msu.edu/AfrLang/Akan-root.html )
