Togo (TG)

1. Language information / Données sur les langues

1.1 Languages spoken / Langues parlées

a) Official / Officielle(s) :

French

b) National, indigenous / Nationale(s), indigène(s) :

National languages are Ewe and Kabiye (the latter appearing in some earlier documents as Tem, which is usually taken to mean another language sometimes denoted Kotokoli).

Ethnologue lists 39 languages at http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=TG

c) Relevant pages in the Major Languages section of this report / Pages appropriées dans la section de ce rapport sur les Langues principales :

Gbe (Ewe/Mina). Ife (Ana) is close to Yoruba.

There is a page on Kabiye in the More Languages section.

1.2 Policy / Politique

a) Laws/legislation / Lois/législation :

The site L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde has a page on Togo at http://www.tlfq.ulaval.ca/axl/afrique/togo.htm

b) Agencies / Agences :

Three institutions "involved in or responsible for African Language research" in Togo (UNESCO 1985). Updated information is needed:

• Institut pédagogique national, B.P. 1306 - LOME
• Institut national de la recherche scientifique, LOME
• The Ewe Academy

c) Languages in education/literacy / Langues dans l'éducation/l'alphabétisation :

UNDP (2006) gives a literacy figure (without reference to which language[s]) of: 53.2%

1.3 Writing in national/indigenous languages / Ecriture en langues nationales/indigènes

a) Orthographies / Orthographes :

Indigenous languages are written in the Latin alphabet with some additional modified letters (extended characters). A chart showing the extended Latin characters and diacritics used in some Togolese languages is available at http://www.bisharat.net/A12N/TOGO-table.htm

b) Print publications / Editions imprimées :

UNESCO (1985) reported the following periodicals (name, frequency of publication, circulation, language). Updated information is needed:

• Nouvelle Marche, daily, 10,000, French/Ewe/Kabye
• Game Su, quarterly, -, Ewe
• Teo Ferma, quarterly, -, Kabye
• Xed Zedze, monthly, -, Ewe

1.4 Other comments / Autre commentaire

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2. ICT situation / Situation des TIC

2.1 Infrastructure / Infrastructure

a) Telephones / Téléphones :

• Fixed lines: Telephone mainlines: 10 per 1000 people (APC)
• Mobile subscriptions: 200,000 (4.0 per 100 people) (ITU 2004 cited in Vodafone 2005)

b) Radio stations / Stations de radio :

c) Connectivity / Connectivité :

• International internet bandwidth / Bande passante internationale d'internet :
• ISPs / FSI :
• Geographic coverage / Couverture géographique :

2.2 Computer & internet access / Accès aux ordinateurs et à l'internet

a) Computers & points of access / Ordinateurs et lieux d'accès :

• Number of computers / Nombre d'ordinateurs: 21.5 per 1000 people (APC)
• Cybercafés / Cybercafés:
• Project telecentres / Télécentres de projets:

b) Internet / Internet :

• Dial-up subscribers / Abonnés par ligne téléphonique :
• Internet users / Utilisateurs de l'internet : 221,000 Internet users as of Sept/05, 4.1% of the population, per ITU (Internet World Stats)

c) Other / Autre :

• Digital Opportunity Index (DOI): 0.17 (ITU 2006)

2.3 Policy / Politique

The APC page, "ICT Policy in Togo" has some information and links:

• In English: http://rights.apc.org/africa/test.shtml?apc=s21836e_1
• En français : http://afrique.droits.apc.org/index.shtml?apc=s21836e_1

2.4 ICT4D/E & ICT training / TIC pour le développement/éducation, et formation en TIC

Kabissa and LEAD Togo have held two "Time to Get Online" (TTGO) workshops in Lomé http://www.kabissa.org/news/lead-togo-holds-time-to-get-online-workshop-in-lome.html :

• December 2005 on Internet and Civil Society work
• June 8-10, 2006 covering "email, navigation, research, internet for development, mailing list, e-newsletter and e-networks, advocacy, website planning."

2.5 Resources / Ressources

Institut Africain d'Informatique (IAI), Cameroon (also serves Togo)

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3. Localisation situation / Situation de localisation

3.1 Country web content / Contenu web du pays

3.2 Web content in indigenous languages / Contenu web en langues indigènes

(See also specific language pages.)

3.3 Software localisation / Localisation de logiciel

(See also specific language pages.)

3.4 Projects & organisations / Projets et organisations

3.5 Localisation policy / Politique de localisation

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4. References / Références

APC, "ICT Policy in Togo," Africa ICT Policy Monitor, http://rights.apc.org/africa/test.shtml?apc=s21836e_1 ("Politiques de TIC en/au Togo," Observatoire des politiques des TIC en Afrique, http://afrique.droits.apc.org/index.shtml?apc=s21836e_1 )

International Telecommunications Union (ITU). 2006. World Information Society Report 2006. Geneva: ITU. http://www.itu.int/osg/spu/publications/worldinformationsociety/2006/wisr-web.pdf

______. 2004. African Telecommunication Indicators 2004. Geneva: ITU.

Internet World Stats: Africa. 2006. http://internetworldstats.com/africa.htm

Leclerc, Jacques. L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde, "Togo," http://www.tlfq.ulaval.ca/axl/afrique/togo.htm

SIL International, Ethnologue: Languages of the World, "Languages of Togo," http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=TG

UNDP. 2006. ''Beyond scarcity: Power, poverty and the global water crisis. Human Development Report 2006.'' New York: United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). [Human development index Adult literacy rate (% ages 15 and older) (HDI) http://hdr.undp.org/hdr2006/statistics/indicators/3.html ]

UNESCO Regional Office for Education in Africa. 1985. African Community Languages and Their Use in Literacy and Education: A Regional Survey. Dakar: UNESCO.

Vodafone. 2005. "Africa: The Impact of Mobile Phones." The Vodafone Policy Paper Series, Number 3, March 2005. http://www.vodafone.com/assets/files/en/GPP%20SIM%20paper.pdf

Wikipedia, "Togo," http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Togo

______, "Togo," http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Togo

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